Jonah
Text with Notes and Translations
The Greek notes are derived from Taylor, Bernard A., Analytical
Lexicon to the Septuagint, Expanded Edition (Hendrickson, Peabody, MA: 2014)
591 pages.
The first translation is intended to follow the Greek idiom
in as woodenly literal a means as possible.
The verb-subject-object (VSO) construction will be hard for many readers
to follow.
The second translation is intended to follow modern English
idiom. Much thought went into the
physical and psychological context. For
example: the men are struggling with a raging, roaring perfect storm. The noise of the sea is deafening. The men themselves are pressed to the limits
of their emotional and muscular abilities.
In near panic, it is impossible to believe that they merely call out in
loud strong voices. They scream, they
shriek just to be heard above the roar of the storm and the cacophony that
fills their own minds: they are all about to die, and they know it. Similarly, Jonah is taxed to the limits of
his faith: in the last chapter we find Jonah on the brink of insanity, as he
prioritizes the value of a plant above human life, and above the will of God.
Jonah Chapter 2
2:1 Καὶ προσέταξε[1] Κύριος κήτει[2] μεγάλῳ[3] καταπιεῖν[4] τὸν Ἰωνᾶν· καὶ ἦν[5] Ἰωνᾶς ἐν τῇ κοιλίᾳ[6] τοῦ κήτους τρεῖς[7] ἡμέρας[8] καὶ τρεῖς νύκτας[9].
And commanded he Lord creature or creation great to drink
down the Jonah and was he Jonah in the belly of the creature or creation three days
and three nights.
The Lord commanded great creation[10] to drink down Jonah: now
Jonah was in the belly of creation three days and three nights.[11]
And prayed in the presence he Jonah before Lord the God his
out of the belly of the creation,
2:3 καὶ εἶπεν· ἐβόησα[16] ἐν θλίψει[17] μου πρὸς Κύριον τὸν Θεόν μου, καὶ εἰσήκουσέ[18] μου· ἐκ κοιλίας[19] ᾅδου[20] κραυγῆς[21] μου
ἤκουσας φωνῆς[22] μου.
And said he, “Screamed[23] I in suffering my toward
Lord the God my and heard-in He me out of belly of Hades clamor my heard you voice my.”
“I screamed in my suffering to the Lord my God. He heard me.
From the belly of Hades You heard my clamor, my voice.[24]
2:4 ἀπέρριψάς[25] με εἰς βάθη[26] καρδίας[27] θαλάσσης[28], καὶ ποταμοὶ[29] ἐκύκλωσάν[30] με· πάντες[31] οἱ μετεωρισμοί[32] σου καὶ τὰ κύματά[33] σου ἐπ᾿[34] ἐμὲ διῆλθον[35].
Hurled away You me into depths of heart of sea and rivers
(strong currents, or raging torrents) surrounded they me; all the towering
surges of You and the billows of You upon me shot through they.”
You hurled me into the
depths of the heart of the sea. Raging
torrents surrounded me. All Your
towering surges and Your crashing billows broke through upon me.”
2:5 καὶ ἐγὼ εἶπα· ἀπῶσμαι[36] ἐξ ὀφθαλμῶν[37] σου· ἆρα[38] προσθήσω[39] τοῦ ἐπιβλέψαι[40] με πρὸς ναὸν[41] τὸν ἅγιόν[42] σου;
And I said I, “shoved away was I out of eyes Your: will ever
privileged be I of the to look upon me toward oracle the holy of You?”
Then I said, “I was shoved away from your
eyes; will I ever again be privileged to look toward Your holy oracle?”[43]
2:6 περιεχύθη[44] μοι ὕδωρ[45] ἕως[46] ψυχῆς[47], ἄβυσσος[48] ἐκύκλωσέ[49] με ἐσχάτη[50], ἔδυ[51] ἡ κεφαλή[52] μου εἰς σχισμὰς[53] ὀρέων[54].
Poured was it to me water
until of soul abyss surrounded it me eschaton sank it made the head of me into chasms of mountains.
Water was poured on me over [my] soul. Immeasurable abyss surrounded me. My head was plunged into mountain chasms.[55]
2:7 κατέβην[56] εἰς γῆν[57], ἧς[58] οἱ μοχλοὶ[59] αὐτῆς κάτοχοι[60] αἰώνιοι[61], καὶ ἀναβήτω[62] ἐκ φθορᾶς[63] ἡ ζωή[64] μου, πρὸς σὲ Κύριε ὁ Θεός μου.
Went down he into earth which the bars her latch timeless
and went up he out of corruption the life my before You Lord the God my.
He went down into earth, with her timeless latch bars. He went up from corruption. My life [is] before You, Lord, my God.[65]
2:8 ἐν τῷ ἐκλείπειν[66] ἀπ᾿ ἐμοῦ τὴν ψυχήν[67] μου τοῦ Κυρίου ἐμνήσθην[68], καὶ ἔλθοι[69] πρὸς σὲ ἡ προσευχή[70] μου εἰς ναὸν[71] τὸ ἅγιόν[72] σου.
In the to leave it from me the soul of me of the Lord was remembered
I and came would it before You the prayer of me into oracle the holy Your.
As my soul [is about] to depart from me, I was
remembered by the Lord. Would my prayer
come before You in Your holy oracle.
Guards ineffective and false mercy of them abandoned they….
Their useless guards and false mercy abandoned…. [me]
2:10 ἐγὼ δὲ[78] μετὰ[79] φωνῆς[80] αἰνέσεως[81] καὶ ἐξομολογήσεως[82] θύσω[83] σοι, ὅσα[84] ηὐξάμην[85] ἀποδώσω[86] σοι εἰς σωτηρίαν[87] μου τῷ Κυρίῳ.
I yet with voice praise and todah sacrifice will I to you all
which vowed I repay will I to you into salvation my in the Lord.
Yet with praise and thanksgiving (todah) I
will sacrifice to You. All which I
vowed, I will repay to you, unto my salvation in the Lord.
And commanded He Lord to creation and threw out it or He the
Jonah upon the sere.
The Lord commanded the creation and it threw Jonah out on
the sere.
[1] προσέταξε(ν),
verb, aorist active indicative, third person singular of προστάσσω or προστάσσειν or προστάττειν: command; govern. 2:1, 11; 4:6, 7, 8 – 5x.
[2] κήτει,
noun, neuter dative singular
κήτους, noun, neuter genitive singular
κῆτος,
-ους: creature. 2:1, 1, 2, 11 – 4x.
[3] μέγα,
adjective, neuter nominative or accusative singular
μεγάλη,
adjective, feminine nominative singular
μεγάλην, adjective, feminine
accusative singular
μεγάλης,
adjective, feminine genitive singular
μεγάλου, adjective, masculine or neuter genitive singular
μεγάλῳ, adjective, masculine or neuter dative singular
μέγας, adjective, masculine nominative singular
μέγας, μεγάλη, μέγα: big, great; many connotations and implicit meanings depending on
context. 1:2, 4, 4, 10, 12, 16; 2:1;
3:2, 3, 5; 4:1, 6, 11 – 13x.
[4] καταπιεῖν, aorist active infinitive
of καταπίνω or καταπίνειν: drink down; swallow, gulp. 2:1 – 1x (see πίνω).
[5] εἶ,
verb, present active indicative, second person singular
εἰμὶ, verb,
present active indicative, first person singular
εἶναι, verb, present active infinitive
ἔσται, verb,
future middle indicative, third person singular
ἐστί, ἐστὶν, verb, present active indicative, third person
singular
ἦν, verb, imperfect active indicative, third person singular
ὄντος, verb, present active participle, masculine or neuter genitive singular
εἰμί or εἶναι: to be, exist. 1:7, 8, 8, 8, 9, 10, 12; 2:1; 3:3; 4:2, 5, 6
– 12x.
[6]
κοιλίᾳ, adjective or noun, feminine dative singular
κοιλίας, adjective or noun, feminine genitive singular or
accusative plural
κοίλην, adjective or noun, feminine accusative singular
κοιλία, -ας or κοίλος, -η, -ον: belly, depression, hollow; stomach, uterus,
womb, anything in the lower or more visceral abdominal cavity. 1:5; 2:1, 2, 3 – 4x.
[7]
τρεῖς, numerical adjective, masculine or feminine nominative or accusative
plural
τριῶν,
numerical adjective, masculine, feminine, or neuter genitive plural
τρεῖς, τρεῖς, τρία: three. 2:1, 1; 3:3, 4 – 4x.
[8] ἡμέραι,
noun, feminine nominative plural
ἡμέρας, noun, feminine genitive singular or accusative plural
ἡμερῶν,
noun, feminine genitive plural
ἡμέρα, -ας: day. 2:1;
3:3, 4, 4 – 4x.
[9] νύκτα, noun, feminine accusative
singular
νύκτας, noun,
feminine accusative plural
νύξ, νυκτός: night. 2:1; 4:10, 10 – 3x.
[10]
The text does not specify fish or whale, dragon or monster, animal or plant,
animate or inanimate. It is simply an
unidentifiable creature, a large one.
The sea herself is such a creature or creation: the graphic narrative
may well describe experiences in the sea, apart from any other creature. A first class Greek grammarian could advise
us that such a construction is or is not possible. In this interpretation, the sea was the giant
creature that swallowed Jonah, kept him three days and nights, finally washing
him ashore, where he recovers from death, or its brink. No fish or whale is involved. Nor does any living thing swallow Christ: He
is swallowed only by the dust and rock of the grave. So, in Jonah’s vivid terminology “the belly
of the creature,” “the belly of Hades,” and “the depths of the heart of the sea” are all parallel and equal concepts,
without the existence of any creature other than the sea herself.
[11] The
ancients used simple counting numbers throughout the centuries BC and well into
the early centuries AD. It is impossible
that seventy-two literal hours are in mind here. An aggregate of fifty hours would be more likely. The expression is idiomatic, not
specific. If they had wished to say seventy-two
hours, they would have written seventy-two hours. Since they are counting half-days as units, 1
hour suffices for both the first and last days: 1 + 12 + 12 + 12 + 12 + 1 = 50,
part of a unit qualifies as a whole unit.
[12] προσηύξατο, verb, aorist middle
indicative, third person singular of προσεύχομαι (πρός + εὔχομαι, see 1:16) or προσεύχεσθαι: pray, especially in the presence, the Shəkinah. 2:2; 4:2 – 2x.
[13]
κοιλίᾳ, adjective or noun, feminine dative singular
κοιλίας, adjective or noun, feminine genitive singular or
accusative plural
κοίλην, adjective or noun, feminine accusative singular
κοιλία, -ας or κοίλος, -η, -ον: belly, depression, hollow; stomach, uterus,
womb, anything in the lower or more visceral abdominal cavity. 1:5; 2:1, 2, 3 – 4x.
[14] κήτει,
noun, neuter dative singular
κήτους, noun, neuter genitive singular
κῆτος,
-ους: creature. 2:1, 1, 2, 11 – 4x.
[15]
the inescapable presence
[16] ἀνεβόησαν,
verb, aorist active indicative, third person plural
ἐβόησα,
verb, aorist active indicative, first person singular
ἀνα-βοάω or ἀνα-βοάειν: to cry up, to cry; roar,
scream, shout, yell. 1:5, 14; 2:3; 3:8 –
4x.
[17] θλίψει, noun, feminine dative
singular of θλῖψις, -εως: affliction, suffering; anguish,
distress, frustration, oppression, pain, siege, trial, tribulation. 2:3 – 1x (see θλίβω: the verb; and
πόνος, -ου: pain).
[18] εἰσήκουσε(ν), verb, aorist active indicative, third
person singular
ἤκουσας, verb, aorist active indicative, second person
singular
εἰσακούω (εἰς + ἀκούω), εἰσακούειν, ἀκούω
or ἀκούειν: hear-in, hear. 2:3, 3 – 2x.
[19]
κοιλίᾳ, adjective or noun, feminine dative singular
κοιλίας, adjective or noun, feminine genitive singular or
accusative plural
κοίλην, adjective or noun, feminine accusative singular
κοιλία, -ας or κοίλος, -η, -ον: belly, depression, hollow; stomach, uterus,
womb, anything in the lower or more visceral abdominal cavity. 1:5; 2:1, 2, 3 – 4x.
[20] ᾅδου,
noun, masculine genitive singular of ᾅδης, -ου: Hades;
Hell; the place of the dead body, the grave; not the equivalent of the lake of
fire. 2:3 – 1x.
[21] κραυγὴ, noun,
feminine nominative singular
κραυγῆς, noun, feminine genitive singular
κραυγή,
-ῆς: crying, outcry, shouting; clamor, noise, racket,
rioting. Similar to κηρύσσω. 1:2; 2:3 –
2x.
[22]
φωνῆς, noun, feminine genitive singular of φωνή, -ῆς: sound;
voice, noise. 2:3, 10 – 2x.
[23]
Considering Jonah’s current location any cry less than a scream is simply
unrealistic.
[24]
Part of the implication is that Yahweh heard Jonah from a place where no sound
escapes, and in which no one hears: Jonah is dead.
[25] ἀπέρριψας, verb, aorist active indicative,
second person singular of ἀπoρρίπτω or ἀπoρρίπτειν:
hurl; cast or throw away, abandon. 2:4 –
1x.
[26] βάθη, noun, neuter nominative or
accusative plural of βάθος: depths; deep water. 2:4 – 1x.
[27] καρδίας, noun, feminine genitive
singular of καρδία, -ας: heart; center, core. 2:4 – 1x.
[28] θάλασσα,
noun, feminine nominative singular
θάλασσαν, noun, feminine
accusative singular
θαλάσσῃ, noun, feminine
dative singular
θαλάσσης, noun, feminine
genitive singular
θάλασσα, -ης: sea. 1:4, 4, 5, 9, 11, 11, 12, 12,
13, 15, 15; 2:4 – 12x.
[29] ποταμοὶ, noun, masculine nominative
plural of ποταμός, -οῦ: river;
current, torrent. 2:4 – 1x.
[30] ἐκύκλωσαν, verb, aorist active
indicative, third person plural
ἐκύκλωσε(ν), verb, aorist active indicative, third person singular
κυκλόω or κυκλοῦν: surround; circle, compass;
cover. 2:4, 6 – 2x.
[31] πάντες, adjective, masculine
nominative plural of πᾶς, πᾶςα,
πᾶν: every; aggregate, all,
whole. 2:4 – 1x.
[32] μετεωρισμοί, noun, masculine
nominative plural of μετεωρισμός, -οῦ: towering surge; lifting up; exaltation, pride, wave.
2:4 – 1x.
[33] κύματα, noun, neuter nominative or
accusative plural of κῦμα, -ατος: billow.
2:4 – 1x.
[34] ἐπὶ,
ἐπ᾿, ἐφ᾿, preposition, indeclensionate of ἐπί: on, upon. 1:7, 12, 13, 14; 2:4, 11; 3:6, 10; 4:2, 6, 8,
9, 10 – 13x.
[35] διῆλθον, verb, aorist active
indicative, first person singular or third
person plural oφ διέρχομαι or διέρχεσθαι: go, pass, or shoot through. 2:4 – 1x.
[36] ἀπῶσμαι, verb, perfect middle or
passive indicative, first person singular of ἀπωθέω
(ἀπό + ὠθέω) or ἀπωθεῖν: push or shove away. 2:5 –
1x.
[37] ὀφθαλμῶν, noun, masculine genitive
plural of ὀφθαλμός, -οῦ: eye. 2:5
– 1x.
[38] ἆρα, interrogative particle,
indeclensionate of ἆρα: anxious
or impatient demand, not strictly translatable. 2:5 – 1x.
[39] προσθήσω, future active indicative,
first person singular of προστίθημι or προστιθέναι: put before; add to, allowed,
impose upon, increase, permitted, repeat??? 2:5 – 1x.
[40] ἐπιβλέψαι, verb, aorist active
infinitive of ἐπιβλέπω or ἐπιβλέπειν: look upon; attend, examine, observe, see. 2:5 – 1x.
[41] ναὸν, noun, masculine accusative
singular from ναός, -οῦ: dwelling; palace, room,
temple, oracle. 2:5, 8 – 2x.
[42] ἅγιόν, adjective, masculine
accusative singular or neuter nominative or accusative singular of ἅγιος, -α, -ον: hallowed, holy, pure, sacred, sanctified, set apart, pious. 2:5, 8 – 2x.
[43]
Of which we can no longer speak clearly (Hebrews 9:5). However, the prophet’s place was in a
position of speaking face-to-face with God, hence either facing the Oracle or
even inside of it (Exodus 33:9-11; 1 Samuel 3:3-4), not merely toward the
temple as a whole. What Jonah first hid
from, he at last yearns for: the beatific vision. It is not death that frightens him; yet,
rather that, he will never again see God in His Temple, His Glory, the Shəkinah. Ναός
means dwelling: Yahweh’s specific dwelling place is the Oracle, not merely the
Temple.
[44] περιεχύθη, aorist passive
indicative, third person singular of περιχέω
(περί + χέω) or περιχεῖν: pour around, envelope. 2:6 – 1x.
[45] ὕδωρ, noun, neuter nominative or
accusative singular of ὕδωρ, ὕδατος: water. 2:6; 3:7 – 2x.
[46] ἕως, adverb, conjunction,
preposition ἕως or noun,
feminine nominative singular of ἕως,
ἕω: As a noun: dawn, early morning. Else: until, till; as far as (of space or
time). 2:6; 3:5; 4:5, 9 – 4x.
[47]
ψυχήν, noun, feminine accusative singular
ψυχῆς, noun, feminine genitive singular
ψυχή, -ῆς: soul. 1:14; 2:6, 8; 4:3, 8 – 5x.
[48] ἄβυσσος, noun, feminine, nominative
singular of ἄβυσσος, ἀβύσσου: abyss, the bottomless deep,
the infinite sea, especially in the cosmic, metaphorical, philosophical sense. 2:6 – 1x.
[49] ἐκύκλωσαν, verb, aorist active
indicative, third person plural
ἐκύκλωσε(ν), verb, aorist active indicative, third person singular
κυκλόω or κυκλοῦν: surround; circle, compass;
cover. 2:4, 6 – 2x.
[50] ἐσχάτη, adjective, feminine
nominative singular of ἔσχατος,
-η, -ον: immeasurable
or infinite; eschaton; the farthest or uttermost extreme distance; the outer
limit; the event horizon of the universe; not in a uni-linear sense: in every
direction. 2:6 – 1x.
[51] ἔδυ, verb, aorist active
indicative, third person singular of δύω or δύειν:
plunge; cause to sink. 2:6 – 1x.
[52] κεφαλή, noun, feminine nominative
singular
κεφαλὴν,
noun, feminine accusative singular
κεφαλῆς, noun, feminine genitive singular
κεφαλή, ῆς: head of either an animal,
organization, person, or structural column (capital); top. 2:6; 4:6, 6, 8 – 4x.
[53] σχισμὰς, noun, feminine accusative
plural of σχισμή, ῆς: split;
canyon, chasm, cleft, crevasse. 2:6 – 1x.
[54] ὀρέων, noun, neuter genitive plural
of ὄρος, -ους: mountain. 2:6 – 1x.
[55]
Oceanic underwater mountains and crevasses are reported to be many magnitudes
greater than those above water on dry land.
[56]
κατέβη, verb, aorist active indicative, third person singular of καταβαίνω: to go down, descend. The opposite of ἀναβαίνω: to go up, ascend. Similar to ἐμβαίνω: to go into. 1:3, 5; 2:7 – 3x.
γῆν, noun, feminine accusative singular
γῆ, -ῆς:
earth; land, dirt, dust. 1:13; 2:7; 4:2
– 3x.
[58] ἣ, relative pronoun, feminine
nominative singular
ᾗ, relative
pronoun, feminine dative singular
ἧς, relative pronoun, feminine accusative singular
ὃ, relative
pronoun, neuter nominative singular
ὃν, relative pronoun, masculine accusative singular
ὃς, relative pronoun, masculine nominative singular
ὅς,
ἥ, ὅ: who, whom, which, what,
that. 1:9, 14; 2:7; 3:2, 10; 4:10, 10,
11 – 8x.
[59] μοχλοὶ, noun, masculine nominative
plural of μοχλός, -οῦ: bar; bolt,
lever. 2:7 – 1x.
[60] κάτοχοι, adjective, masculine or feminine
nominative plural of κάτοχος,
-ου, -ος, -ον: handle; latch, barrier, lock. 2:7 – 1x.
[61] αἰώνιοι, adjective, masculine
nominative plural of αἰώνιος,
-ος, -ον: timeless; eternal, everlasting. 2:7 – 1x.
[62] ἀναβήτω,
verb, aorist active imperative, third person singular
ἀνέβη, verb, aorist active indicative,
third person singular
ἀναβαίνω or ἀναβαίνειν: to go up, ascend; arise,
mount up. The opposite of καταβαίνω: to go down, descend. Similar to ἐμβαίνω: to go into. 1:2; 2:7; 4:6
[63] φθορᾶς, noun, feminine genitive
singular of φθορά, -ᾶς:
destruction, ruin, decay; corruption, depravity. 2:7 – 1x.
[64]
ζωή, noun, feminine nominative singular ζωή, -ῆς: life; existence. 2:7 – 1x.
[65] I
think the plain meaning of this is that Jonah has prophetically seen the
resurrection (John 3:13; 20:17; Acts 2:34; 25:1; Ephesians 4:8-10).
[66] ἐκλείπειν,
or present active indicative, third person singular??? or present active
infinitive of ἐκλείπω or ἐκλείπειν:
desert, forsake, leave. 2:8 – 1x (see ἐγκαταλείπω).
[67]
ψυχήν, noun, feminine accusative singular
ψυχῆς, noun, feminine genitive singular
ψυχή, -ῆς: soul. 1:14; 2:6, 8; 4:3, 8 – 5x.
[68] ἐμνήσθην, aorist passive
indicative, first person singular of μιμνῄσκωομαι or μιμνῄσκεσθαι: remember. 2:8 – 1x.
[69] ἔλθοι,
verb, aorist active optative, third person singular
ἔρχῃ, verb, present middle or passive indicative or
subjunctive, second person singular
ἔρχομαι or ἔρχεσθαι: come. 1:8; 2:8 – 2x.
[70] εὐχάς, noun, feminine accusative
plural
προσευχή, noun, feminine nominative singular (with prefix προς)
εὐχή, -ης: prayer, blessing, vow, wish. 1:16; 2:8 – 2x. The difference in nuance would seem to be
prayers to as contrasted with prayers in the presence of the Shəkinah. The prophet enjoys a face-to-face
relationship with God that most people do not have.
[71] ναὸν, noun, masculine accusative
singular from ναός, -οῦ: dwelling; palace, room,
temple, oracle. 2:5, 8 – 2x.
[72] ἅγιόν, adjective, masculine
accusative singular or neuter nominative or accusative singular of ἅγιος, -α, -ον: hallowed, holy, pure, sacred, sanctified, set apart, pious. 2:5, 8 – 2x.
[73] φυλασσόμενοι, present middle or passive
participle, masculine nominative plural of φυλάσσω,
φυλάττω or φυλάσσειν: guard, watch; guarding, watching, guards, watchers. 2:9 – 1x.
[74] μάταια, adjective, neuter
nominative or accusative plural of μάταιος,
-α/ος, -ον: ineffectively, vain. 2:9 – 1x.
[75] ψευδῆ, adjective, masculine or feminine
accusative singular or neuter nominative or accusative plural of ψευδής, -ής,
-ές (see ψεῦδος): false; lying. 2:9
[76] ἔλεον, noun, masculine accusative singular of ἔλεος. -ου or -ους: mercy; compassion, pity. 2:9 – 1x.
[77] ἐγκατέλιπον, verb, aorist active
indicative, first person singular or third
person plural of ἐγκαταλείπω or ἐγκαταλείπειν: desert; abandon, leave. 2:9 – 1x (see ἐκλείπω).
[78] δὲ,
conjunction or particle, indeclensionate of δέ: mildly adversative; yet; but, rather after negative;
introducing apodosis. 1:5; 2:10; 3:3;
4:11 – 4x; also used with negation: μηδὲ or μηδέ: yet not, 3:7, 7 – 2x; οὐδὲ: not even, 4:10 – 1x. Possibly related to the adjective μηδέις: no one or thing; and οὐδέις:
no one, no way.
[79]
μετὰ, preposition, indeclensionate of μετά: with. 2:10 – 1x.
[80]
φωνῆς, noun, feminine genitive singular of φωνή, -ῆς: sound;
voice, noise. 2:3, 10 – 2x.
[81] αἰνέσεως, noun, feminine genitive
singular of αἴνεσις, αἰνέσεως: praise.
2:10 – 1x.
[82] ἐξομολογήσεως, noun, feminine
genitive singular of ἐξομολόγησις, -ήσεως: todah;
confession; testimony, thanksgiving. 2:10 – 1x.
[83] ἔθυσαν,
verb, aorist active indicative, third person plural
θύσω, verb, future active indicative, first person plural
θύω or θύειν:
offer; sacrifice. 1:16; 2:10 – 2x.
[84] ὅσα, adjective, neuter nominative
or accusative plural of ὅσος,
-η, -ον: as
long, many, or much as; all who. 2:10 –
1x.
[85] ηὐξάμην,
verb, aorist middle indicative, first person singular
ηὔξαντο, verb, aorist middle indicative, third person plural
εὔχομαι or εὔχεσθαι: pray;
bless, give thanks, vow, wish. 1:16;
2:10 – 2x.
[86] ἀποδώσω, verb, future active indicative,
first person singular of ἀποδίδωμι or ἀποδιδόναι: give away, give back; pay, repay, restore, return. 2:10 – 1x.
[87] σωτηρίαν,
noun, feminine accusative singular of σωτηρία, -ας: deliverance, salvation.
2:10 – 1x.
[88] προσέταξε(ν),
verb, aorist active indicative, third person singular of προστάσσω or προστάσσειν or προστάττειν: command; govern. 2:1, 11; 4:6, 7, 8 – 5x.
[89] κήτει,
noun, neuter dative singular
κήτους, noun, neuter genitive singular
κῆτος,
-ους: creature. 2:1, 1, 2, 11 – 4x.
[90] βάλωμεν,
verb, aorist active subjunctive, first person plural
ἔβαλον, verb, aorist active indicative, third person plural
ἐξέβαλε(ν), verb, aorist active indicative, third
person singular (with prefix ἐκ,
ἐξ)
ἐξέβαλον, verb, aorist active indicative, third person plural
(with prefix ἐκ, ἐξ)
βάλλω or βάλλειν, ἐκβάλλω or ἐκβάλλειν: to cast, throw; throw out.
1:7, 7, 15; 2:11 – 4x (see ἐκβολὴ).
[91] ἐπὶ,
ἐπ᾿, ἐφ᾿, preposition, indeclensionate of ἐπί: on, upon. 1:7, 12, 13, 14; 2:4, 11; 3:6, 10; 4:2, 6, 8,
9, 10 – 13x.
[92]
ξηράν, adjective, feminine accusative
singular of ξηρός, -ά, -όν: bare, dry, sere; earth without any evident water content in contrast to
the water saturated sea; desert. 1: 9;
2:11 – 2x (compare with γῆ: earth, land. 1:13; 2:7 – 2x).
[93] If you have been blessed or helped by any of these meditations,
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